In developed countries, nearly 75% of the population has to see a doctor at least once because of back pain.Nine out of ten people will experience back pain at least once in their lives.Most often, back diseases affect people between the ages of thirty and fifty, that is, in active working age.Of the total number of patients who come to the clinic, more than a third come because of back pain.There are effective pain relievers.
Types of back pain
Back pain is acute if it is located in the spine and started no more than six weeks ago.The sharp pain is difficult for patients to endure, but in many cases, this is a relatively benign symptom and can be treated.With timely treatment, the patient will return to professional activities within a month.
If the pain lasts more than six weeks, it becomes chronic, which is an equally dangerous problem because the quality of life of working-age patients is significantly impaired.The proportion of patients with chronic back pain is 10%.
Reason
It is worth noting that the causes of the development of pathological processes in the back have been studied quite thoroughly.Back pain can occur due to risk factors and disease progression.Typically, back and spine pain occurs when:
- overweight;
- muscle tension;
- intervertebral joint injury;
- spasm;
- hypothermia;
- osteoarthritis;
- protrusion and herniation of the intervertebral disc;
- nerve pain.
It is known that the presence of excess body weight significantly increases the load on the musculoskeletal system: the load on the lumbar spine increases by 40 kg when the body mass index increases by one unit.A sedentary lifestyle, long-term exposure to a static position with incorrect posture and lack of physical activity lead to acute and chronic back pain.
Osteoarthritis
Leading among the causes of back pain is spondylosis.Spondylosis is a pathological destructive process that develops in the intervertebral discs.As the disease progresses, neighboring vertebral bodies, intervertebral joints, and ligaments that support the spine all participate in the degenerative process.
Initially, this process develops in the core of the disc, which becomes less elastic due to moisture loss.These processes take place in a relatively localized area of the spinal segment leading to inevitable changes in the adjacent vertebrae and intervertebral joints, ultimately impairing the mobility of the entire spine.
Disc herniation
Lumbar disc herniation is the most common.The patient feels pain in the back spreading to the legs, buttocks, feet or localized on the inside of the thighs.
Mobility is limited.Sensitivity is impaired, which can occur in the form of burning and tingling.
Nerve pain
The presence of myofascial neuralgia can be assessed by the presence of acute pain in the back.It occurs because the nerve is compressed under the influence of inflamed surrounding tissues.
The most common location for pain is in the narrow space between the ribs in the back.Neuralgia occurs in both childhood and adulthood.
Injections for back pain and back pain
Today, the treating physician in the matter of therapy is guided by data from scientific literature, his own experience and the experience of colleagues, since there are no standards for the diagnosis and treatment of back pain officially recommended by the Ministry of Health.
The following medications may be used to treat back pain:
- nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs;
- steroid anti-inflammatory drugs;
- muscle relaxants;
- chondroprotector;
- Vasodilator and microcirculatory improver;
- synthetic drugs;
- Vitamin B.
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
This group of drugs is indispensable for diseases of the musculoskeletal system.Sold without prescription.
Available in the form of ointment, gel, tablets, suspension, capsules, rectal suppositories, injections for intravenous and intramuscular administration.
Regulations:
- An anti-inflammatory drug belonging to the group of phenylacetic acid derivatives that has analgesic effects.Well tolerated and effective pain relief.Side effects include inhibition of proteoglycan synthesis in cartilage tissue and ulcerogenic properties, i.e. promoting the formation of gastric ulcers.
- An anti-inflammatory drug of the sulfonamide group that has analgesic effects.The difference from the previous treatment is that it prevents the destruction of proteoglycans and cartilage tissue, has a selective effect on inflammatory mediators, helps reduce the risk of gastric ulcers and enhances the effect of corticosteroids.Ideal for quickly relieving acute pain.Side effects include the risk of toxic liver damage.
Anti-inflammatory steroids
Used in cases where non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs do not bring the desired effect.
They act quickly, have systemic anti-inflammatory effects and reduce pain in the diseased area.Available in the form of ointments, tablets, injections for intramuscular, intravenous, intra-articular injections.
Used in severe cases.They are only available by prescription because they have many side effects: weight gain, edema, osteoporosis, and ulcers in the stomach and intestines.
Muscle relaxants
They are used only as part of complex treatment with drugs from other groups.This action is based on muscle relaxation, that is, they do not have a therapeutic effect in themselves.But muscle relaxation helps overcome persistent painful spasms and increases the effectiveness of manual therapy, massage and physical therapy.
They are used in combination with NSAIDs and in cases of intolerance to them or contraindications to them.
They are only sold with a doctor's prescription because they have side effects: sudden changes in blood pressure, seizures, muscle weakness, and a depressant effect on the central nervous system.
Chondroprotectors
These include glucosamine and chondroitin preparations.Chondroitin promotes calcium retention and slows bone loss.Glucosamine helps improve the function of affected joints by increasing hyaluronic acid production.Available in the form of ointments, tablets, injections for intramuscular and intra-articular injections.Prescribed in combination with NSAIDs.They have virtually no contraindications or side effects.
In this case, for best results, oral administration should be combined with injection:
- Intramuscular injection: one ampoule three times a week for one to two months.
- Powder: dissolve in water and drink half an hour before meals.Take one packet once a day for one to three months.
- Tablets: Take two tablets three times daily with meals.
Vasodilators
The drug based on deproteinized hematopoietic substances of calf blood helps to dilate blood vessels, reduce nutritional and microcirculatory disorders by improving the supply of oxygen and nutrients.There is a decrease in hypoxia in the pathological focus with radiculopathy, osteoarthritis and intervertebral herniation.Available without a prescription in tablet and injection form.
Intravenous injection of purine derivatives is carried out in the morning and afternoon, 200-300 mg of the drug.Intramuscular injection is given two to three times a day, 100 mg.Tablets, when taken simultaneously with injections, enhance the effect of the drug and take one tablet two to three times a day.
B vitamins
Used as part of complex therapy.Only three vitamins from this group are used.Thiamine participates in energy metabolism, improves the conduction of nerve impulses, reduces pain and promotes the recovery of intervertebral discs.Pyridoxine prevents hypoxia and improves nutrition of the intervertebral disc.Cyanocobalamin reduces inflammation, enhances tissue nutrition and restores the structure of nerve tissue.
Available without a prescription.They have virtually no contraindications or side effects.Available in tablet and injection form.Use one tube per day for ten days.If the pain is not acute, apply a regimen of 3 tubes per week (every other day) for three to four weeks.
The above medications should be combined depending on the type of disease.But whatever it is, the main treatment will be aimed at eliminating pain, stopping inflammation and restoring the functions of the musculoskeletal system at the source of the pathology.
The following are used as treatment measures:
- massage;
- manual therapy;
- physical therapy;
- physical therapy;
- electrical nerve stimulation;
- therapeutic blockade;
- decompression and surgical stabilization.
Appropriate therapy is prescribed by the general practitioner after a complete examination.If necessary, he will refer the patient to specialists: neurologist, gynecologist, urologist.
Stop back pain
Carrying out paravertebral blockade helps ensure direct drug delivery to the pathological focus, the cause of acute pain.Patients feel immediate relief when the block is performed.But it can only be performed in a hospital setting and only by a competent specialist.The pain relief is temporary but noticeable.This procedure also has diagnostic value.If after the blockade there is no immediate pain relief, the cause is not related to spinal disease.
Blockade can be performed at biologically active points of muscles and tendons, in soft tissues surrounding the affected spinal segment, in nerve sheaths, in nerve ganglia, joints and joints.In this case, the injection includes one, two, three or more drugs.These can be local anesthetics, corticosteroids, NSAIDs, vitamins, ATP.The effectiveness of blockade is undeniable for osteoarthritis, disc herniation, spondylosis and spondylosis, lumbago, radiculitis, acute and chronic pain in the spine.
Lockdown procedures
When performing a blockade with any of the above drugs, the following will occur:
- Patients feel the effects immediately;
- almost completely free of contraindications;
- creates high drug concentrations especially at the location of concentrated pathology.
Process description:
- examination of the pathological focus with the localization of the site of maximum pain;
- The patient is placed prone;
- Treat the blockade site with antiseptics;
- Anesthetize the puncture site and administer medication.
There are some contraindications to the blockade, but they still exist: pregnancy, intolerance to individual medications, infection in the area where the procedure was performed.
There are many ways to get rid of back pain.Not only should you resort to pills or injections to relieve back and lower back pain, but you must also remember home remedies.First aid at home is a cold compress on the back (ice from the refrigerator, frozen meat, dumplings from the freezer).Spasm pain is relieved by massage.